Metformin and inositol improve insulin and testosterone in PCOS by similar amounts in head-to-head trials, but metformin has stronger evidence for hirsutism and waist size while inositol causes far fewer digestive side effects.
Endometriosis treatment combines hormonal medication, laparoscopic surgery when needed, and supportive anti-inflammatory care. Here is what each option involves, which drugs the FDA has approved, and where the evidence for diet, supplements and regenerative therapies stands.
For most healthy women under 60 or within 10 years of menopause, hormone therapy is the most effective treatment for hot flashes, and its benefits generally outweigh its risks. Here is what the WHI showed, the timing hypothesis, and who HRT is for.
Perimenopause is the transition to menopause, when hormones fluctuate and decline. Learn the stages, common symptoms, and which hormonal and non-hormonal treatments actually help.
Insulin resistance drives most cases of PCOS. Learn the mechanism, how it is tested, and how diet, metformin, inositol, and GLP-1 medications can help.
Myo-inositol is the most common form of inositol, and most products labeled inositol contain it. For PCOS, the most studied dose is 4 grams a day, often with D-chiro-inositol at a 40:1 ratio, and the 2023 guideline calls the evidence limited.
Semaglutide and tirzepatide can help women with PCOS and excess weight lose weight and improve insulin resistance, with early signs of more regular cycles. Neither is FDA approved for PCOS, and both need a clear plan around pregnancy.
A clear, evidence-based guide to PCOS: what it is, the Rotterdam diagnostic criteria, common symptoms, the role of insulin resistance and androgens, and how treatment works.
A nationally certified menopause practitioner holds The Menopause Society credential (NCMP, now MSCP) after passing its menopause exam. Here is how to find one and which doctors treat menopause.
A thorough guide to testosterone replacement therapy (TRT) covering diagnosis, treatment types, benefits, risks, monitoring, fertility considerations, and how to find the right provider.
Hormone replacement therapy replaces the estrogen lost at menopause, plus progesterone if you have a uterus. It is the most effective treatment for hot flashes, and for most healthy women under 60 or within 10 years of menopause the benefits outweigh the risks.
