Thymosin alpha-1 is a naturally occurring thymic peptide that modulates immune function by activating T cells, dendritic cells, and NK cells. Approved in over 35 countries for hepatitis and immune deficiency, it is also being explored for cancer support, chronic infections, and autoimmune conditions
A clinical guide to intra-articular ozone injections for knee OA and other joint conditions: how it works, RCT evidence versus hyaluronic acid and corticosteroids, prolozone, treatment protocols, and cost.
For most adults the best NAD+ supplement is a third-party tested NR or NMN product at 250 to 1,000 mg a day, since both raise blood NAD+ in human trials. Here is how NMN, NR, niacin and IV NAD+ compare on evidence, dosing, safety and cost.
NAD+ therapy eases brain fog by restoring mitochondrial energy production, calming neuroinflammation, and supporting DNA repair, with IV infusions acting fastest and oral NMN or NR supporting maintenance.
Everything you need to know about NAD+ IV therapy — how it works, what it costs, what the evidence actually shows, how it compares to supplements, side effects, and how to choose a provider. Updated 2026.
Migraine causes one sided, throbbing pain with nausea or light sensitivity, while a tension headache is bilateral and pressing. The difference changes which treatments actually work.
A PRP injection costs $500 to $2,500 per session for most joints, and PRP for low back pain costs about $1,000 to $3,000 per session because spinal injections need image guidance. Insurance rarely pays, but HSA and FSA funds usually can.
At a Glance Ketamine works differently than traditional anxiety medications by modulating glutamate and NMDA receptors rather than serotonin or GABA. Clinical evidence shows rapid and significant anxiety reduction, often within hours to days rather than weeks. Multiple administration routes are available: IV infusion, intramuscular injection, nasal spray (Spravato), sublingual, and oral lozenges. Most patients…
A practical guide to eating with mast cell activation syndrome, covering high-histamine foods, histamine liberators, DAO inhibitors, safe food lists, and strategies for meal planning and reintroduction.
Low dose naltrexone (LDN) uses tiny doses of an opioid-blocking drug to boost endorphins, reduce inflammation, and modulate the immune system. Here is what the research says about its benefits, proper dosing, and which conditions respond best.
At a Glance Prolotherapy involves injecting a sugar (dextrose) solution into damaged ligaments and tendons to trigger a controlled healing response. Evidence is strongest for sacroiliac joint pain and chronic low back pain from ligament laxity, with several RCTs showing meaningful improvement. A typical course runs 4 to 6 sessions spaced 3 to 6 weeks…
Hyperbaric oxygen therapy helps selected hard-to-heal wounds by raising plasma oxygen to fuel new blood vessels, collagen and infection control. In the HODFU trial, 52% of diabetic foot ulcers healed at one year with HBOT versus 29% with sham.
